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Arduino · AVR

Arduino Uno R3

The classic. Not powerful, but 5 V-tolerant, forgiving and supported by every beginner tutorial and shield ever made.

No wireless5 V logicUno

Typical price

$28

Clones from about $10

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Specifications

MakerArduino
ChipATmega328P
CPU8-bit AVR
Clock speed16 MHz
Wi-FiNone
BluetoothNone
Zigbee / Thread radioNo
GPIO pins20 usable
ADC6 channels, 10-bit
DACNone
Flash32 KB
RAM2 KB
Logic level5 V
Power input7–12V barrel / 5V USB
Deep sleep (typ.)~30 mA
Active current (typ.)~45 mA
Form factorUno
USBUSB-B (ATmega16U2)
ProgrammingArduino C++
Released2010

Typical values. Sleep current is approximate; whole-board numbers are higher than the bare chip's datasheet figure.

Pros

  • 5 V logic works directly with lots of old modules
  • Gigantic shield and tutorial ecosystem
  • Very hard to break for a beginner

Cons

  • 32 KB flash and 2 KB RAM are tiny
  • No wireless and slow 16 MHz AVR
  • Terrible for battery projects once the board is counted

Best use cases

  • 01Learning electronics and C++
  • 02Robot kits and school projects
  • 03Driving shields (motor, LCD, relay)
  • 04Quick 5 V prototypes
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